Not many people would be aware about the fact that Ahom dynasty was one of the greatest dynasties of India which ruled the north-eastern parts of the Indian subcontinent for 600 long years. Sukaphaa was the first king who established Ahom Kingdom on 2nd December 1228. He was from Mong Mao, crossed the Patkai Mountains and entered Brahmaputra valley. He came along with almost 9000 people including his three wives, two sons, nobles, their families and soldiers. This is considered to be a major event in Tai Ahom history. Establishment Upon reaching Namruk, Sukaphaa captured the region between Burhidihing River, Dikhau River and Patkai Mountains. He started maintaining a cordial relationship with local tribes such as Barahi and the Marans. Charaideo was the capital of Ahom kingdom back then, while the royal offices were set up at the Dangarias— the Burhagohain and the Borgohain. These two offices were given independent territories to control in the 1280s. One of the most important aspects about Ahom Kingdom history is that they introduced the technology of wet rice cultivation. People who adopted the Ahom way of life underwent a ritual called as Ahomization. The local Barahi, Nagas and Marans were converted into Ahoms. This transformation continued on a large scale till the 16th century. Expansion During the reign of Suhungmung, the kingdom expanded at such a fast rate that the process of Ahomization lagged behind. The Ahoms became minorities in their own kingdom as multiple castes, religions and ethnic groups were nurtured. Bamuni Konwar brought in Hindu influences towards the end of the 14th century, while Rudra Singha introduced Islamic prayers in the court. Assamese as well as Tai language were spoken in the court in the 17th century. A new high office Borpatrogohain was also set up for administrative purposes. The Sadiakhowa Gohain was set up to take care of Chutiya while Marangikowa Gohain was established to take care of Kachari kingdom. The Ahom Kingdom was constantly attacked by the Turkic and Afghan rulers of Bengal, but it won always. Several administrative reforms were introduced during the reign of Pratap Singha from 1603 to 1641. The Mughals attacked Ahom dynasty in the 17th century. They even managed to capture Garhgaon, but only for some time. After the Battle of Saraighat, the Ahoms extended their territory up to Manas River. Decline During the rule of Tungkhungia kings, history of Ahom Kingdom witnessed a lot of progress in Arts and architecture. Towards the end of their rule, there was mounting social tensions which led to Moamoria rebellion. The rebels were expelled with the help of the British army. Emigration and executions continued and the kingdom lost to the Burmese Army. After the Treaty of Yandabo in 1826, the kingdom was finally handed over to the British.
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AuthorPassionate collector of coins, banknotes & stamps who loves researching about ancient, medieval & modern Indian history! Archives
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