The revolt of 1857 is considered as one of the biggest turning points in the History of British India . After India’s defeat in this revolt, power was officially transferred from the hands of British East India Company to the British Crown. Queen Victoria was declared as the Empress of India in the year 1876. Let’s explore some of the major events in British India history today! Self-Governance
It is true that the British Government focussed on developing Industries, transport systems, irrigation, canals etc, but the farmers and labourers had to pay heavy taxes in return. Moreover, the Indian subcontinent was majorly affected by famines in the 19th Century. The Indian Councils Act was introduced in 1892 which gave Indians more opportunities under the rule of the British. The Morley-Minto Reforms were introduced in 1909 which also gave Indians several roles in central and provincial legislatures. Round Table Conferences British Government wanted to discuss constitutional reforms by conducting Round Table Conferences from 1930 to 1932. The demand for complete Swarajya or self-rule was put forth from the Indian side. This was a path-breaking event in British Indian history which led to a series of protests. Civil Disobedience Movement was launched on 4th January 1932 and Gandhiji was put behind the bars. Almost 80,000 revolutionaries were imprisoned. Government of India Act was introduced in 1935, after which independent legislative assemblies were established in all provinces. A central government was formed with British provinces and the princely states, Muslim minorities were offered protection. Elections for provincial assemblies were held in 1937 and Congress won in seven out of 11 provinces. Over 2 million Indian soldiers fought World War II for the British Government. The Congress opposed this and several leaders were again imprisoned. "Quit India" movement was launched in August 1942 by Mahatma Gandhi. The nationwide revolt led to several violent encounters as well. The British Army was also deployed to control these protests. Subhash Chandra Bose formed the Indian National Army and collaborated with Japan and Germany. However Indian National Army had to surrender shortly due to various reasons. From 1946, several mutinies broke out both in the British Army and Navy. Elections were held again, in which Congress won control in many provinces. Tensions between Hindus and Muslims increased and finally the new viceroy, Louis Mountbatten decided that India would be partitioned based on religion. Thousands lost their lives on both sides during partition and India became an independent nation on 15th August 1947.
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AuthorPassionate collector of coins, banknotes & stamps who loves researching about ancient, medieval & modern Indian history! Archives
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